Moscow – A recent scientific study revealed a new mechanism. This mechanism could partially restore the division ability of aged neural stem cells. Researchers believe this step might help reduce age-related cognitive decline in the future.
The study results explained that neural stem cells gradually lose their ability to proliferate with aging. This loss results from telomere shortening and accumulated DNA damage. This reduces their capacity to renew neural cells and support brain functions. Researchers identified a regulatory mechanism involving a protein called DMTF1. DMTF1 is a transcription factor whose levels significantly decrease with age.
Experiments showed that artificially increasing DMTF1 protein levels restored the division capacity of neural stem cells. It also helped mitigate negative effects associated with telomere shortening. This protein plays a crucial role in regulating two essential genes, Arid2 and Ss18. These genes are linked to chromatin remodeling mechanisms. These are biological processes that control the cell cycle and its regenerative activity.
The study noted that boosting protein levels in mouse experiments led to a significant restoration of neural stem cell activity. This supports the hypothesis of developing future therapeutic strategies. These strategies would target cellular aging mechanisms.
Conversely, researchers emphasized that the efficacy and safety of activating DMTF1 protein in humans remain unknown. They stressed the necessity of conducting further studies before considering clinical applications. They warned that stimulating cell division might carry potential risks. These include an increased likelihood of cancer. This necessitates a precise evaluation to balance benefits and risks.
These findings open new avenues for research into aging and neurodegenerative brain diseases. It is crucial to emphasize that transitioning from laboratory results to therapeutic applications will require years of studies. It will also require rigorous scientific verification.